Early-life gut microbiome associates with positive vaccine take and shedding in neonatal schedule of the human neonatal rotavirus vaccine RV3-BB

Josef Wagner (), Amanda Handley, Celeste M. Donato, Eleanor A. Lyons, Daniel Pavlic, Darren Suryawijaya Ong, Rhian Bonnici, Nada Bogdanovic-Sakran, Edward P. K. Parker, Christina Bronowski, Jarir At Thobari, Cahya Dewi Satria, Hera Nirwati, Desiree Witte, Khuzwayo C. Jere, Ashley Mpakiza, Emma Watts, Ann Turner, Karen Boniface, Jonathan Mandolo, Frances Justice, Naor Bar-Zeev, Miren Iturriza-Gomara, Jim P. Buttery, Nigel A. Cunliffe, Yati Soenarto and Julie E. Bines ()
Additional contact information
Josef Wagner: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Amanda Handley: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Celeste M. Donato: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Eleanor A. Lyons: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Daniel Pavlic: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Darren Suryawijaya Ong: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Rhian Bonnici: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Nada Bogdanovic-Sakran: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Edward P. K. Parker: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Christina Bronowski: University of Liverpool
Jarir At Thobari: Nursing and Universitas Gadjah Mada
Cahya Dewi Satria: Nursing and Universitas Gadjah Mada
Hera Nirwati: Nursing and Universitas Gadjah Mada
Desiree Witte: University of Liverpool
Khuzwayo C. Jere: University of Liverpool
Ashley Mpakiza: Blantyre
Emma Watts: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Ann Turner: Blantyre
Karen Boniface: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Jonathan Mandolo: Blantyre
Frances Justice: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Naor Bar-Zeev: University of Liverpool
Miren Iturriza-Gomara: University of Liverpool
Jim P. Buttery: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Nigel A. Cunliffe: University of Liverpool
Yati Soenarto: Nursing and Universitas Gadjah Mada
Julie E. Bines: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-21

Abstract: Abstract Rotavirus vaccines are less effective in high mortality regions. A rotavirus vaccine administered at birth may overcome challenges to vaccine uptake posed by a complex gut microbiome. We investigated the association between the microbiome and vaccine responses following RV3-BB vaccine (G3P[6]) administered in a neonatal schedule (dose 1: 0-5 days), or infant schedule (dose 1: 6-8 weeks) in Indonesia (Phase 2b efficacy study) (n = 478 samples/193 infants) (ACTRN12612001282875) and in Malawi (Immunigenicity study) (n = 355 samples/186 infants) (NCT03483116). Vaccine responses assessed using anti-rotavirus IgA seroconversion (IgA), stool shedding of vaccine virus and vaccine take (IgA seroconversion and/or shedding). Here we report, high alpha diversity, beta diversity differences and high abundance of Bacteroides is associated with positive vaccine take and shedding following RV3-BB administered in the neonatal schedule, but not with IgA seroconversion, or in the infant schedule. Higher alpha diversity was associated with shedding after three doses of RV3-BB in the neonatal schedule compared to non-shedders, or the placebo group. High abundance of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus is associated with no shedding in the neonatal schedule group. RV3-BB vaccine administered in a neonatal schedule modulates the early microbiome environment and presents a window of opportunity to optimise protection from rotavirus disease.

Date: 2025
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-58632-6 Abstract (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-58632-6

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
https://www.nature.com/ncomms/

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58632-6

Access Statistics for this article

Nature Communications is currently edited by Nathalie Le Bot, Enda Bergin and Fiona Gillespie

More articles in Nature Communications from Nature
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().