Self-organizing neuromorphic nanowire networks as stochastic dynamical systems

Gianluca Milano (), Fabio Michieletti, Davide Pilati, Carlo Ricciardi and Enrique Miranda
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Gianluca Milano: INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica)
Fabio Michieletti: C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24
Davide Pilati: INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica)
Carlo Ricciardi: C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24
Enrique Miranda: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract Neuromorphic computing aims to develop hardware platforms that emulate the effectiveness of our brain. In this context, brain-inspired self-organizing memristive networks have been demonstrated as promising physical substrates for in materia computing. However, understanding the connection between network dynamics and information processing capabilities in these systems still represents a challenge. In this work, we show that neuromorphic nanowire network behavior can be modeled as an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process which holistically combines stimuli-dependent deterministic trajectories and stochastic effects. This unified modeling framework, able to describe main features of network dynamics including noise and jumps, enables the investigation and quantification of the roles played by deterministic and stochastic dynamics on computing capabilities of the system in the context of physical reservoir computing. These results pave the way for the development of physical computing paradigms exploiting deterministic and stochastic dynamics in the same hardware platform in a similar way to what our brain does.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58741-2

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