Large low-field-driven electrocaloric effect in organic-inorganic hybrid TMCM-CdCl3

Yuan Lin, Congcong Chai, Zhijie Liu, Jing Wang (), Shifeng Jin (), Yurong Yang (), Yihong Gao, Munan Hao, Xinyue Li, Yuxuan Hou, Xingyue Ma, Bingjie Wang, Zheng Wang, Yue Kan, Jie Zheng, Yang Bai, Yunzhong Chen, Jirong Sun, Tongyun Zhao, Jia Yan Law, Victorino Franco (), Fengxia Hu () and Baogen Shen
Additional contact information
Yuan Lin: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Congcong Chai: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhijie Liu: Nanjing University
Jing Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Shifeng Jin: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yurong Yang: Nanjing University
Yihong Gao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Munan Hao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xinyue Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yuxuan Hou: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Xingyue Ma: Nanjing University
Bingjie Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zheng Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yue Kan: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jie Zheng: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yang Bai: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Yunzhong Chen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jirong Sun: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Tongyun Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jia Yan Law: Universidad de Sevilla
Victorino Franco: Universidad de Sevilla
Fengxia Hu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Baogen Shen: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Due to environmental-friendliness and high-efficiency, electrocaloric effect (ECE) is widely regarded as a refrigeration technology for tomorrow. Herein, utilizing organic-inorganic hybridization strategy, we achieve the largest low-field-driven ECE and highest directly-measured electrocaloric strength (ECS) via packing sphere-like organic cation (CH3)3NCH2Cl+ (TMCM+) into inorganic one-dimension (1-D) CdCl3 chain framework. Single-crystal X-ray (SC-XRD) diffraction combined with Raman Spectra reveals that the simultaneous order-disorder transition of organic cations and dramatic structure change of inorganic framework are responsible for the large ECE. Moreover, the measured P-E loops and density function theory (DFT) calculations convey that the distinctive electric-field-induced metastable phase and consequential two-step meta-electric transition could lower the transition energy barrier and account for the low driving field. This work shows that the low-symmetry interaction between inorganic framework and organic cations plays a key role in achieving large ECE under low-field, which provides a method for designing high-performance electrocaloric materials via organic-inorganic hybridization.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58914-z

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