Realization of fractional-layer transition metal dichalcogenides

Ya-Xin Zhao, Heng Jin, Zi-Yi Han, Xinlei Zhao, Ya-Ning Ren, Ruo-Han Zhang, Xiao-Feng Zhou, Wenhui Duan, Bing Huang (), Yu Zhang () and Lin He ()
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Ya-Xin Zhao: Beijing Normal University
Heng Jin: Beijing Normal University
Zi-Yi Han: Beijing Normal University
Xinlei Zhao: Tsinghua University
Ya-Ning Ren: Beijing Normal University
Ruo-Han Zhang: Beijing Normal University
Xiao-Feng Zhou: Beijing Normal University
Wenhui Duan: Tsinghua University
Bing Huang: Beijing Normal University
Yu Zhang: Beijing Institute of Technology
Lin He: Beijing Normal University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Layered van der Waals transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), generally composed of three atomic X-M-X planes in each layer (M = transition metal, X = chalcogen), provide versatile platforms for exploring diverse quantum phenomena. In each MX2 layer, the M-X bonds are predominantly covalent in nature and, as a result, the cleavage of TMDC crystals normally occurs between the layers. Here we report the controllable realization of fractional-layer WTe2 via an in-situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) tip manipulation technique. By applying STM tip pulses, hundreds of the topmost Te atoms are removed to form a nanoscale monolayer Te pit in the 1 T′-WTe2, thus realizing a 2/3-layer WTe2 film. Such a configuration undergoes a spontaneous atomic reconstruction, yielding a unidirectional charge density redistribution with the wavevector and geometry quite distinct from that of pristine 1 T′-WTe2. Our results expand the conventional understanding of the TMDCs and are expected to stimulate further research on the structure and properties of fractional-layer TMDCs.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59007-7

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