Dynamic volume compensation realizing Ah-level all-solid-state silicon-sulfur batteries

Zhaotong Hu, Panyu Gao, Shunlong Ju, Yingxue Li, Tengfei Zhang (), Chengjie Lu, Tao Huang, Peng Liu, Yingtong Lv, Miao Guo, Wei Zhang (), Weiming Teng, Guanglin Xia, Songqiang Zhu, Dalin Sun and Xuebin Yu ()
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Zhaotong Hu: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Panyu Gao: Fudan University
Shunlong Ju: Fudan University
Yingxue Li: Fudan University
Tengfei Zhang: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Chengjie Lu: Southeast University
Tao Huang: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Peng Liu: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Yingtong Lv: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Miao Guo: Fudan University
Wei Zhang: Southeast University
Weiming Teng: Zhejiang Provincial Energy Group Company Ltd
Guanglin Xia: Fudan University
Songqiang Zhu: Zhejiang Provincial Energy Group Company Ltd
Dalin Sun: Fudan University
Xuebin Yu: Fudan University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract State-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries incorporating silicon negative electrodes face significant challenges due to the volume fluctuations that occurs during cycling, leading to enormous internal stress and eventual battery failure. Notably, existing research predominantly focuses on material-level solutions, with limited exploration of effective cell design strategies. Herein, we present a systematic implementation of a Stress-Neutralized Si-S full cell design that leverages the natural volume change dynamics of silicon and sulfur electrodes. Our approach goes beyond inherent stress compensation by employing a dynamic volume compensation strategy. This strategy involves real-time stress monitoring and precise structural optimization to achieve full utilization of the active mass (100%) and to mitigate the residual stresses and heterogeneity that naturally arise during cycling. A quantitative analysis proved the effectiveness of this approach, showcasing high specific energy (525 Wh kg−1) based on total battery mass, long cycling stability (500 cycles), large areal current density (25.12 mA cm−2), and high capacity (1.24 Ah) in Si-S system. This approach systematically enhances the naturally occurring stress-compensation phenomenon, addressing the residual stresses and optimizing electrode behavior for high-performance solid-state batteries.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59224-0

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