Radiation-hardened dendritic-like nanocomposite films with ultrahigh capacitive energy density

Yajing Liu, Mengsha Li, Kai Jiang, Yang Zhang (), Pin Gong, Sijia Song, Dong Li, Huan Liang, Xinmiao Huang, Jing Wang (), Weiwei Li () and Ce-Wen Nan ()
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Yajing Liu: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Mengsha Li: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Kai Jiang: Shanghai Dianji University
Yang Zhang: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Pin Gong: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Sijia Song: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Dong Li: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Huan Liang: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Xinmiao Huang: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Jing Wang: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Weiwei Li: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Ce-Wen Nan: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Electrostatic dielectric capacitors are critical components in advanced electronic and electrical systems owing to their high-power density and ultrafast charge-discharge capability. However, achieving ultrahigh energy storage performance combined with robust radiation resistance remains a major challenge, particularly for practical applications in extreme environments. Guided by simulations, self-assembled nanocomposite films with dendritic-like structured ferroelectric embedded in an insulator are designed to overcome these challenges. This strategy boots energy storage performance by forming nano-polar regions and obstructing electric breakdown processes. More importantly, it not only exploits the intrinsic radiation-resistant properties of ferroelectric materials, but also takes advantages of abundant interfaces within the dendritic structure to enable a self-healing effect to improve radiation resistance. This self-healing mechanism, driven by interactions between ferroelectric and insulating phases, effectively eliminates radiation-induced defects and minimizes performance degradation under high radiation doses. Using this approach, we demonstrate the dendritic-like PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3-MgO nanocomposite film capacitor exhibits an ultrahigh energy density over 200 joules per cubic centimeter and an excellent radiation tolerance exceeding 20 Mrad. This work offers a promising approach for the development of advanced electrostatic capacitors, particularly for applications in radiation-exposed power systems.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59225-z

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