Coherent energy transfer in coupled nonlinear microelectromechanical resonators

Hemin Zhang (), Haojie Li, Jiangkun Sun, Samuel Kirkbride, Geer Teng, Zhenxing Liu, Dongyang Chen, Madan Parajuli, Milind Pandit, Guillermo Sobreviela, Chun Zhao, Weizheng Yuan (), Honglong Chang () and Ashwin A. Seshia ()
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Hemin Zhang: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Haojie Li: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Jiangkun Sun: University of Cambridge
Samuel Kirkbride: University of Cambridge
Geer Teng: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Zhenxing Liu: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Dongyang Chen: University of Cambridge
Madan Parajuli: University of Cambridge
Milind Pandit: University of Cambridge
Guillermo Sobreviela: University of Cambridge
Chun Zhao: University of York
Weizheng Yuan: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Honglong Chang: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Ashwin A. Seshia: University of Cambridge

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Energy decay, describing the leakage of system energy to the environmental bath, is a universal behavior in oscillators. It has been utilized to elucidate energy transfer between vibrational modes of a resonator. In coupled resonators, achieving an ultra-low coupling rate is essential for observing energy interactions between resonators and environmental bath. Here, we observe periodic transient beating phenomenon by analyzing the transient responses of coupled nonlinear resonators with a coupling rate of 9.6 Hz. The energy transfer rate indicating the hybrid energy manipulation is impacted by asymmetry-induced energy localization and enhanced by nonlinearity. Time-resolved eigenstates, characterized by amplitude ratios, are employed as a quantitative tool to uncover the energy transfer and localization in coupled resonators under nonlinear operations. This work opens the possibilities to manipulate energy transfer, to probe energy localization, and to develop high-precision sensors utilizing the energy transfer between coupled nonlinear resonators.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59292-2

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