Stability of the fcc phase in shocked nickel up to 332 GPa

Kimberly A. Pereira, Samantha M. Clarke (), Saransh Singh, Richard Briggs, Christopher P. McGuire, Hae Ja Lee, Dimitri Khaghani, Bob Nagler, Eric Galtier, Eric Cunningham, David McGonegle, Sally J. Tracy, Cara Vennari, Martin G. Gorman, Amy L. Coleman, Carol Davis, Trevor Hutchinson, Jon H. Eggert, Raymond F. Smith and James P. S. Walsh ()
Additional contact information
Kimberly A. Pereira: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Samantha M. Clarke: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Saransh Singh: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Richard Briggs: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Christopher P. McGuire: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Hae Ja Lee: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Dimitri Khaghani: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Bob Nagler: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Eric Galtier: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Eric Cunningham: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
David McGonegle: University of Oxford
Sally J. Tracy: Carnegie Institution for Science
Cara Vennari: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Martin G. Gorman: First Light Fusion
Amy L. Coleman: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Carol Davis: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Trevor Hutchinson: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Jon H. Eggert: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Raymond F. Smith: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
James P. S. Walsh: University of Massachusetts Amherst

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Despite making up 5-20 wt.% of Earth’s predominantly iron core, the melting properties of elemental nickel at core conditions remain poorly understood, due largely to a dearth of experimental data. We present here an in situ X-ray diffraction study performed on laser shock-compressed samples of bulk nickel, reaching pressures up to ~ 500 GPa. Hugoniot states of nickel were targeted using a flat-top laser drive, with in situ X-ray diffraction data collected using the Linac Coherent Light Source. Rietveld methods were used to determine the densities of the shocked states from the measured diffraction data, while peak pressures were determined using a combination of measured particle velocities, shock transit times, hydrodynamic simulations, and laser intensity calibrations. We observed solid compressed face-centered cubic (fcc) Ni up to at least 332 ± 30 GPa along the Hugoniot—significantly higher than expected from the majority of melt lines that have been proposed for nickel. We also bracket the partial melting onset to between 377 ± 38 GPa and 486 ± 35 GPa.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59385-y

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