HIV status alters immune cell infiltration and activation profile in women with breast cancer

Marcus Bauer (), Pablo Santos, Andreas Wilfer, Eunice Berg, Annelle Zietsman, Martina Vetter, Sandy Kaufhold, Claudia Wickenhauser, Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Wenlong Carl Chen, Herbert Cubasch, Nivashini Murugan, Valerie McCormack, Maureen Joffe, Barbara Seliger () and Eva Kantelhardt
Additional contact information
Marcus Bauer: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Pablo Santos: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Andreas Wilfer: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Eunice Berg: National Health Laboratory Service
Annelle Zietsman: Windhoek Central Hospital
Martina Vetter: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Sandy Kaufhold: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Claudia Wickenhauser: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Isabel dos-Santos-Silva: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM)
Wenlong Carl Chen: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Herbert Cubasch: University of the Witwatersrand
Nivashini Murugan: University of the Witwatersrand
Valerie McCormack: Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch
Maureen Joffe: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Barbara Seliger: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Eva Kantelhardt: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract The breast cancer (BC)-related mortality is higher and the immunity is altered in women living with HIV (WLWH) compared to HIV-negative women. Therefore, tumor samples of 296 black BC patients from South Africa and Namibia with known age, HIV status, tumor stage, hormone receptor and HER2 status and overall survival (OS) are analyzed for components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). WLWH (n = 117), either with suppressed viral activity (HR = 1.25) or with immune suppression (HR = 2.04), have a shorter OS. HIV status is associated with increased numbers of CD8+ T cells in the TME compared to HIV-negative patients; no correlation is found with CD4+ T cell numbers in the blood. Moreover, an increased expression of CD276/B7-H3 and a more pronounced IFN-γ signaling in the tumors are found in WLWH, independent of age, stage, and BC subtypes. In conclusion, altered T cell composition and CD276 expression in WLWH may contribute to inferior survival and can be used for targeted treatment.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59408-8

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