Multi-omics analysis of SFTS virus infection in Rhipicephalus microplus cells reveals antiviral tick factors

Marine J. Petit (), Charlotte Flory, Quan Gu, Mazigh Fares, Douglas Lamont, Alan Score, Kelsey Davies, Lesley Bell-Sakyi, Pietro Scaturro, Benjamin Brennan () and Alain Kohl ()
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Marine J. Petit: MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research
Charlotte Flory: Leibniz Institute of Virology
Quan Gu: MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research
Mazigh Fares: MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research
Douglas Lamont: University of Dundee
Alan Score: University of Dundee
Kelsey Davies: MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research
Lesley Bell-Sakyi: University of Liverpool
Pietro Scaturro: Leibniz Institute of Virology
Benjamin Brennan: MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research
Alain Kohl: MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract The increasing prevalence of tick-borne arboviral infections worldwide necessitates advanced control strategies, particularly those targeting vectors, to mitigate the disease burden. However, the cellular interactions between arboviruses and ticks, especially for negative-strand RNA viruses, remain largely unexplored. Here, we employ a proteomics informed by transcriptomics approach to elucidate the cellular response of the Rhipicephalus microplus-derived BME/CTVM6 cell line to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infection. We generate the de novo transcriptomes and proteomes of SFTSV- and mock-infected tick cells, identifying key host responses and regulatory pathways. Additionally, interactome analysis of the viral nucleoprotein (N) integrated host responses with viral replication and dsRNA-mediated gene silencing screen reveals two anti-SFTSV effectors: the N interacting RNA helicases DHX9 and UPF1. Collectively, our results provide insights into the antiviral responses of R. microplus vector cells and highlight critical SFTSV restriction factors, while enriching transcriptomic and proteomic resources for future research.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59565-w

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