Immunomodulatory multifunctional janus collagen-based membrane for advanced bone regeneration

Die Yang, Zhilang Xu, Dou Huang, Qi Luo, Chunli Zhang, Jimin Guo (), Lu Tan, Liming Ge (), Changdao Mu and Defu Li ()
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Die Yang: Sichuan University
Zhilang Xu: Sichuan University
Dou Huang: Sichuan University
Qi Luo: Sichuan University
Chunli Zhang: Sichuan University
Jimin Guo: Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Lu Tan: Wushan
Liming Ge: Sichuan University
Changdao Mu: Sichuan University
Defu Li: Sichuan University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-18

Abstract: Abstract Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a standard therapy for treating bone defects, with collagen-based barrier membranes widely used clinically. However, these membranes face challenges like poor mechanical properties, early bacterial invasion and immunomodulation deficiency, potentially risking GBR failure. Orchestrating macrophage activation and controlling their M1 or M2 polarization are effective strategies for bone repair. Here, we present a Janus collagen-based barrier membrane with immunomodulation. The porous layer promotes direct osteogenic differentiation and inward growth of osteoblasts. The dense layer prevents invasion of soft tissue into bone defects and protects bone defects from bacterial infection. The membrane also enhances rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell infiltration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation by regulating the immune microenvironment, demonstrating superior bone regeneration compared to the commercial Bio-Gide® membrane. Overall, the Janus collagen-based membrane reduces tissue inflammation and fosters an osteoimmune environment conducive to new bone formation, offering effective material design for advanced GBR technology.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59651-z

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