EconPapers    
Economics at your fingertips  
 

Yoked surface codes

Craig Gidney, Michael Newman (), Peter Brooks and Cody Jones
Additional contact information
Craig Gidney: Google Quantum AI
Michael Newman: Google Quantum AI
Peter Brooks: Google
Cody Jones: Google Quantum AI

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract One of the biggest obstacles to building a large scale quantum computer is the high qubit cost of protecting quantum information. For two-dimensional architectures, the surface code has long been the leading candidate quantum memory, but can require upwards of a thousand physical qubits per logical qubit to reach algorithmically-relevant logical error rates. In this work, we introduce a hierarchical memory formed from surface codes concatenated into high-density parity check codes. These yoked surface codes are arrayed in a rectangular grid, with parity checks (yokes) measured along each row, and optionally along each column, using lattice surgery. Our construction assumes no additional connectivity beyond a nearest-neighbor square qubit grid operating at a physical error rate of 10−3. At algorithmically-relevant logical error rates, yoked surface codes use as few as one-third the number of physical qubits per logical qubit as standard surface codes, enabling moderate-overhead fault-tolerant quantum memories in two dimensions.

Date: 2025
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-59714-1 Abstract (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-59714-1

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
https://www.nature.com/ncomms/

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59714-1

Access Statistics for this article

Nature Communications is currently edited by Nathalie Le Bot, Enda Bergin and Fiona Gillespie

More articles in Nature Communications from Nature
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().

 
Page updated 2025-05-16
Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-59714-1