Large thermoelastic effect in martensitic phase of ferroelastic alloys for high efficiency heat pumping

Qiao Li, Zhongzheng Deng (), Aslan Ahadi, Kangjie Chu, Jie Yan, Kai Huang, Sixia Hu, Yang Ren, Binbin He () and Qingping Sun ()
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Qiao Li: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Zhongzheng Deng: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Aslan Ahadi: Pasargad Institute for Advanced Innovative Solutions (PIAIS)
Kangjie Chu: Southern University of Science and Technology
Jie Yan: City University of Hong Kong
Kai Huang: Wuhan University
Sixia Hu: Southern University of Science and Technology
Yang Ren: City University of Hong Kong
Binbin He: Southern University of Science and Technology
Qingping Sun: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Solid state heat pumping using latent heat from first order ferroic phase transitions is a promising green alternative to traditional vapor compression technology. However, the intrinsic phase transition hysteresis poses a limitation on heat pumping energy efficiency. Here, we propose heat pumping using reversible heat from anhysteretic elastic deformation in martensitic phase of ferroelastic alloys. Conventionally, this thermoelastic effect (TeE) is considered too weak to be practical. But we find that in [100]-textured Ti78Nb22 martensitic polycrystals, the TeE can produce a large adiabatic temperature change (∆Tad) of 4−5 K at 413−473 K due to macroscopic large linear thermal expansion (αl = 10−4/K). This large TeE not only far exceeds those of ordinary metals ( $$\Delta {T}_{{ad}}\approx 0.2K$$ Δ T a d ≈ 0.2 K ) but also brings a material-level energy efficiency that reaches about 90% of the Carnot theoretical limit. In other ferroelastic martensitic alloys with larger intrinsic αl (up to 5.4 × 10−4/K), the TeE is predicted to bring an even larger ∆Tad (up to 22 K) while maintaining relatively high efficiency. Our findings offer a non-phase-transition-based way for high efficiency solid state heat pumping.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59720-3

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