Carbon fibre production using an ecofriendly water-soluble precursor

Takuya Morishita (), Mamiko Narita, Mitsumasa Matsushita, Kenichi Hayashida, Kazuhiro Nomura, Shota Taniguchi, Yoshihiro Kikuzawa, Natsu Sakakura, Hiromitsu Tanaka, Yoshihide Katagiri, Atsuto Okamoto, Makoto Mouri, Hiroyuki Mori, Akira Kunitomo, Hideyasu Kawai and Nozomu Shigemitsu
Additional contact information
Takuya Morishita: Yokomichi
Mamiko Narita: Yokomichi
Mitsumasa Matsushita: Yokomichi
Kenichi Hayashida: Yokomichi
Kazuhiro Nomura: Yokomichi
Shota Taniguchi: Yokomichi
Yoshihiro Kikuzawa: Yokomichi
Natsu Sakakura: Yokomichi
Hiromitsu Tanaka: Yokomichi
Yoshihide Katagiri: Yokomichi
Atsuto Okamoto: Yokomichi
Makoto Mouri: Yokomichi
Hiroyuki Mori: Yokomichi
Akira Kunitomo: Toyota-Cho
Hideyasu Kawai: Toyota-Cho
Nozomu Shigemitsu: Toyota-Cho

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract Carbon fibre (CF) is a lightweight next-generation material with numerous applications. CF production is predominantly based on the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor because of the high tensile strength of PAN-based CFs (PAN-CFs). However, expensive and toxic organic solvents are required for PAN-CF production. Moreover, the corresponding thermal stabilisation process is highly energy-intensive, leading to high CO2 emissions. Herein, aqueous polyacrylamide (aqPAM) fibre—prepared via polymerisation and dry spinning using water—is proposed as a water-soluble CF precursor that can be converted into high-performance CF at high carbon yields. The incorporation of small amounts of phosphoric acid into aqPAM considerably reduces the thermal stabilisation time and increases the carbon yield compared with that obtainable using PAN-CF. Moreover, the carbonised aqPAM-based CFs exhibit a high tensile strength and tensile modulus comparable with those of PAN-CFs. The developed process generates less CO2 emissions than PAN-CF production.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59841-9

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