Efficient coupling of topological photonic crystal waveguides based on transverse spin matching mechanism

Bojian Shi, Qi Jia, Xiaoxin Li, Yanxia Zhang, Hang Li, Yanyu Gao, Wenya Gao, Xiaoyu Li, Donghua Tang, Tongtong Zhu, Shan Gao, Jing Yang, Rui Feng (), Fangkui Sun, Chunying Guan, Yongyin Cao (), Cheng-Wei Qiu () and Weiqiang Ding ()
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Bojian Shi: Harbin Institute of Technology
Qi Jia: Harbin Institute of Technology
Xiaoxin Li: Harbin Institute of Technology
Yanxia Zhang: Harbin Institute of Technology
Hang Li: Harbin Institute of Technology
Yanyu Gao: Harbin Institute of Technology
Wenya Gao: Harbin Institute of Technology
Xiaoyu Li: Harbin Institute of Technology
Donghua Tang: Northeast Forestry University
Tongtong Zhu: Dalian University of Technology
Shan Gao: Harbin Engineering University
Jing Yang: Harbin Engineering University
Rui Feng: Harbin Institute of Technology
Fangkui Sun: Harbin Institute of Technology
Chunying Guan: Harbin Engineering University
Yongyin Cao: Harbin Institute of Technology
Cheng-Wei Qiu: National University of Singapore
Weiqiang Ding: Harbin Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Topological photonic structures have great potential to revolutionize on-chip optical integration due to the merit of robust propagation. However, an equally important issue, i.e., the efficient input and output coupling of topological structure with other elements, has not been systematically addressed. Here, we reveal that the coupling of topological photonic structures does not follow the mode matching principle widely used before, but follows the principle of transverse spin matching (TSM). According to this mechanism, efficient coupling between a topological waveguide (TWG) and a strip waveguide (SWG) is designed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. Theoretical and experimental transmission efficiencies of 96.3% and 94.2% are respectively obtained, which are much larger than those obtained before. The TSM enabled efficient topological structure coupling guarantees a high overall energy efficiency, and paves the way for compact topological photonic chips.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59941-6

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