A low-complexity linker as a driver of intra- and intermolecular interactions in DNAJB chaperones

Billy Hobbs, Noor Limmer, Felipe Ossa, Ella Knüpling, Samuel Lenton, Vito Foderà, Arnout P. Kalverda and Theodoros K. Karamanos ()
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Billy Hobbs: Imperial College London
Noor Limmer: Imperial College London
Felipe Ossa: Imperial College London
Ella Knüpling: Imperial College London
Samuel Lenton: University of Copenhagen
Vito Foderà: University of Copenhagen
Arnout P. Kalverda: University of Leeds
Theodoros K. Karamanos: Imperial College London

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract J-domain proteins ( JDPs) act as major regulators of the proteostasis network by driving the specificity of the Hsp70 machine. Their important functions are mediated by a low-complexity glycine-/phenylalanine-rich region (GF-linker) that links the folded J-domain with the substrate binding domain. Recently, we and others have shown that in an autoinhibited JDP state, an α-helix formed within the GF-linker blocks the Hsp70 binding site on the J-domain. However, the role of the disordered GF-linker in autoinhibition and how the latter is released, are still not understood. Here, using autoinhibited DNAJB1 and DNAJB6 constructs, we show that in combination with the J-domain, the GF-linker creates a hydrophobic, partially collapsed cluster that shows a remarkable degree of long-range structural communication, disruption of which can lead to destabilisation of autoinhibition. Apart from this crucial intramolecular role, we reveal that the GF-linker can also be recognised by the substrate-binding domain of Hsp70 and dictate the lifetime of the entire JDP–Hsp70 complex. Strikingly, the GF-linkers of DNAJB1 and DNAJB6 display distinct structural properties that lead to different Hsp70 binding kinetics, showing that the behaviour of the GF-linker can vary dramatically even within the same class of JDPs.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60063-2

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