Chiral dual-annihilator model for controllable photon upconversion and multi-dimensional optical modulation

Honghan Ji, Zhiwang Luo, Xuefeng Yang, Xue Jin, Tonghan Zhao () and Pengfei Duan ()
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Honghan Ji: ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao
Zhiwang Luo: ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao
Xuefeng Yang: ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao
Xue Jin: ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao
Tonghan Zhao: ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao
Pengfei Duan: ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion seeks efficient conversion of low-energy photons to high-energy emission. However, the triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion system faces limitations in emission gamut because efficient triplet-triplet energy transfer between sensitizer and annihilator relies on triplet energy matching, making it challenging to realize multi-channel luminescence and multi-dimensional optical control. Here, to overcome this barrier, we propose a chiral dual-annihilator model, which mitigates the restriction of energy matching and achieves facile manipulation of circularly polarized luminescence through a dual-channel triplet-triplet energy transfer process. A theoretical equation for quantifying the overall triplet-triplet energy transfer efficiency and the energy flow between the sensitizer and two kinds of annihilators is proposed. Its accuracy is demonstrated by fine-controlling the emission bandwidth of triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion (average error less than 4.5%) in the experimental aspect. In addition, by introducing chiral liquid crystals, the dual-annihilator model achieves data coding and multi-dimensional optical encryption applications. This dual-annihilator model deepens the understanding of energy flow and lays the foundation for accurate, multidimensional modulation of photon upconversion.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60290-7

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