Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b genotype B3.13 is highly virulent for mice, rapidly causing acute pulmonary and neurologic disease

Thomas Tipih, Vignesh Mariappan, Kwe C. Yinda, Kimberly Meade-White, Matthew Lewis, Atsushi Okumura, Natalie McCarthy, Ekaterina Altynova, Shanna S. Leventhal, Trenton Bushmaker, Chad S. Clancy, Emmie Wit, Vincent J. Munster, Heinz Feldmann () and Kyle Rosenke ()
Additional contact information
Thomas Tipih: National Institutes of Health
Vignesh Mariappan: National Institutes of Health
Kwe C. Yinda: National Institutes of Health
Kimberly Meade-White: National Institutes of Health
Matthew Lewis: National Institutes of Health
Atsushi Okumura: National Institutes of Health
Natalie McCarthy: National Institutes of Health
Ekaterina Altynova: National Institutes of Health
Shanna S. Leventhal: National Institutes of Health
Trenton Bushmaker: National Institutes of Health
Chad S. Clancy: National Institutes of Health
Emmie Wit: National Institutes of Health
Vincent J. Munster: National Institutes of Health
Heinz Feldmann: National Institutes of Health
Kyle Rosenke: National Institutes of Health

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses, responsible for the current outbreak in dairy cows in the United States, pose a significant animal and public health threat. In this study, we compare disease progression and pathology of three recent clade 2.3.4.4b isolates derived from a cow, a mountain lion, and a mink to a human HPAI A(H5N1) isolate from Vietnam in mice. Inoculating C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice with all four HPAI A(H5N1) isolates results in comparable levels of virus replication in the lung inducing significant local pro-inflammatory cytokine responses and severe respiratory disease. Infecting C57BL/6J mice with the bovine isolate yields high viral titers in the brain, a significant pro-inflammatory cytokine response and neurologic disease. Our findings suggest the recent bovine isolate possesses enhanced neuroinvasive/neurovirulent disease causing fatal respiratory and neurologic disease in C57BL/6J mice.

Date: 2025
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-60407-y Abstract (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-60407-y

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
https://www.nature.com/ncomms/

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60407-y

Access Statistics for this article

Nature Communications is currently edited by Nathalie Le Bot, Enda Bergin and Fiona Gillespie

More articles in Nature Communications from Nature
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().