Flexible high-entropy functional ceramics

Lvye Dou, Bingbing Yang, Xiaoyuan Ye, Yang Zhang, Wenqing Zhu, Huiling Chen, Yingjie Jiang, Ben Fang, Shun Lan, Qian Li, Yiqian Liu, Penghui Li, Xuan Zhang, Shuchang Li, Yujun Zhang, Wei Xu, Xinyu Zhang, Liang Wu, Xiaoyan Li, Xiaoding Wei (), Zhiyang Yu (), Ce-Wen Nan and Yuan-Hua Lin ()
Additional contact information
Lvye Dou: Tsinghua University
Bingbing Yang: Tsinghua University
Xiaoyuan Ye: Fuzhou University
Yang Zhang: Tsinghua University
Wenqing Zhu: Peking University
Huiling Chen: Fuzhou University
Yingjie Jiang: Peking University
Ben Fang: Peking University
Shun Lan: Tsinghua University
Qian Li: Tsinghua University
Yiqian Liu: Tsinghua University
Penghui Li: Yanshan University
Xuan Zhang: Peking University
Shuchang Li: Tsinghua University
Yujun Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wei Xu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xinyu Zhang: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Liang Wu: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Xiaoyan Li: Tsinghua University
Xiaoding Wei: Peking University
Zhiyang Yu: Fuzhou University
Ce-Wen Nan: Tsinghua University
Yuan-Hua Lin: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Functional ceramics, once integrated with flexibility, hold great promise for cutting-edge electronic devices. Unfortunately, functionality and flexibility are inherently exclusive in ceramics: the long-range order of ionic lattices bestows polarization-like properties that accompany brittleness, whereas disorder tolerates bond rotation to generate flexibility with significant loss of performance. Implanting ordered functional motifs within amorphous ceramics, though challenging, may balance this trade-off. Here, the challenge is met through a high-entropy strategy, which allows the initial crystallization of randomly dispersed nanocrystals followed by controlled amorphization of high-entropy compositions to attain a crystalline/amorphous microstructure, yielding a Bi4Ti3O12-based film that can withstand ~180° folding with a bending strain and tensile elongation up to 4.80% and 5.29%, respectively. The crystalline/amorphous structure enables the production of a flexible dielectric capacitor with high permittivity (~35), good temperature stability and durability. This strategy offers research prototypes for customizing the microstructures of functional ceramics, advancing next-generation ceramics with flexibility.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60548-0

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