Cooperative Jahn-Teller effect and engineered long-range strain in manganese oxide/graphene superlattice for aqueous zinc-ion batteries

Shijian Wang, Xin Guo, Kun Huang, Amritroop Achari, Javad Safaei, Yaojie Lei, Dongfang Li, Qinfen Gu, Chenghua Sun, Lucy Gloag, Steven Langford, Andre Geim, Rahul Raveendran Nair () and Guoxiu Wang ()
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Shijian Wang: University of Technology Sydney
Xin Guo: University of Technology Sydney
Kun Huang: The University of Manchester
Amritroop Achari: The University of Manchester
Javad Safaei: University of Technology Sydney
Yaojie Lei: University of Technology Sydney
Dongfang Li: University of Technology Sydney
Qinfen Gu: Australian Synchrotron
Chenghua Sun: Swinburne University of Technology
Lucy Gloag: Australian National University
Steven Langford: University of Technology Sydney
Andre Geim: The University of Manchester
Rahul Raveendran Nair: The University of Manchester
Guoxiu Wang: University of Technology Sydney

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract The Jahn-Teller and cooperative Jahn-Teller effects are phenomena that induce asymmetry in individual ions and solid-state lattices and are commonly observed in structures containing specific transition metals, such as copper and manganese. Although the Jahn-Teller effect causes lattice distortions that stress electrode materials in rechargeable batteries, strategically utilising the strain generated by cooperative Jahn-Teller distortions can enhance structural stability. Here we introduce the cooperative Jahn-Teller effect on MnO2 by constructing a two-dimensional superlattice structure with graphene crated in the bulk MnO2/graphene composite material. The strong interaction between MnO2 and graphene increases the concentration of high-spin Mn3+ ions, creating orderly long-range biaxial strains that are compressive in the out-of-plane direction and tensile in the in-plane direction. These strains mitigate Zn2+ intercalation stress and proton corrosion, enabling over 5000 cycles with 165 mAh g−1 capacity retention at 5 C (1 C = 308 mA g−1) in aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Our approach offers an effective strategy to significantly enhance the lifetime of rechargeable batteries by introducing the cooperative Jahn-Teller effect that overcomes the stress of ion insertion in electrode materials.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60558-y

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