The clinical effectiveness of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes

Jheng-Yan Wu, Khai-Chi Hu, Mei-Yuan Liu, Yu-Jou Wu, Wan-Hsuan Hsu, Ya-Wen Tsai, Ting-Hui Liu, Po-Yu Huang, Min-Hsiang Chuang, Tsung Yu, Kuang-Ming Liao () and Chih-Cheng Lai ()
Additional contact information
Jheng-Yan Wu: Chi Mei Medical Center
Khai-Chi Hu: Chi Mei Medical Center
Mei-Yuan Liu: Chi Mei Medical Center
Yu-Jou Wu: Chi Mei Medical Center
Wan-Hsuan Hsu: Chi Mei Medical Center
Ya-Wen Tsai: Chi Mei Medical Center
Ting-Hui Liu: Chi Mei Medical Center
Po-Yu Huang: Chi Mei Medical Center
Min-Hsiang Chuang: Chi Mei Medical Center
Tsung Yu: National Cheng Kung University
Kuang-Ming Liao: Chiali
Chih-Cheng Lai: Chi Mei Medical Center

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Diabetes is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors are effective in treating type 2 diabetes and provide benefits for conditions like cardiovascular and kidney diseases. We use data from multiple institutions and countries to evaluate their role in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes. This study includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with diabetes who are newly prescribed sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors between January 1, 2013, and August 25, 2024. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality. The results show that the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors group has a lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors group (hazard ratio, 0.757; 95% confidence interval, 0.716-0.801). It also shows significantly lower risks of all-cause hospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.864; 95% confidence interval, 0.845-0.884), exacerbation (hazard ratio, 0.924; 95% confidence interval, 0.888-0.962), pneumonia, upper respiratory infections, bronchitis, and major cardiovascular events.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60582-y

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