Production of live monkeys and their genetically matched embryonic stem cells from single embryos

Chenyang Si, Ran Zhu, Junmo Wu, Zhenzhen Chen, Zengli Tang, Zuoyao Li, Yu Kang, Lifeng Xiang, Jiawei Zuo, Pengpeng Yang, Chu Chu, Shanshan Yang, Zifan Li, Lu Zhao, Xinglong Chen, Youwei Pu, Baohong Tian, Zhaohui Yang, Weizhi Ji (), Shaoxing Dai () and Yuyu Niu ()
Additional contact information
Chenyang Si: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Ran Zhu: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Junmo Wu: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Zhenzhen Chen: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Zengli Tang: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Zuoyao Li: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Yu Kang: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Lifeng Xiang: The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province; The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology
Jiawei Zuo: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Pengpeng Yang: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Chu Chu: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Shanshan Yang: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Zifan Li: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Lu Zhao: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Xinglong Chen: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Youwei Pu: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Baohong Tian: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Zhaohui Yang: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Weizhi Ji: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Shaoxing Dai: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Yuyu Niu: Kunming University of Science and Technology

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Immune rejection poses a challenge in stem cell therapy, especially with allogeneic embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Non-human primates offer a promising avenue for developing genetically matched ESCs for regenerative medicine. Here, we successfully derive three live monkeys and their genetically matched autologous ESCs (aESCs) using embryo splitting. Additionally, from fibroblasts of one of these monkeys, we generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells (ntESCs), creating a set of genetically matched aESCs, iPSCs, and ntESCs. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis reveals that aESCs potentially exhibit reduced heterogeneity, lower transcriptional noise, and enhanced genomic stability compared to iPSCs and ntESCs. Furthermore, we successfully derive ESCs from human split embryos, highlighting the potential for obtaining human aESCs. Collectively, our study offers an avenue for establishing autologous pluripotent stem cells and provides the theoretical basis as well as research model for further application of aESCs in human regenerative medicine.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60694-5

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