Layered-columnar cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Xiaolin Zhao, Yi Li, Youwei Wang, Erhong Song, Ruguang Ma () and Jianjun Liu ()
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Xiaolin Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yi Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Youwei Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Erhong Song: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ruguang Ma: Suzhou University of Science and Technology
Jianjun Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The advancement of cathode materials possessing high-rate capability and extended cycle life is crucial for the viability of large-scale energy storage in sodium-ion batteries. A layered-columnar material NaFe[O3PCH(OH)CO2] is designed with 2D grid-like channels for sodium ion migration. Operating on the Fe2+/Fe3+ redox reaction, NaFe[O3PCH(OH)CO2] exhibits a reversible specific capacity of 106.1 mAh g-1 after 50 cycles within the voltage range of 1.5–4.2 V, reaching 93.4% of the theoretical specific capacity. Experimental and theoretical investigations show that NaFe[O3PCH(OH)CO2] exhibits low-strain characteristics during discharge and charge processes. The presence of stable C-P covalent bonds between organic layers and inorganic columns ([FeO6] and [CPO3]) plays a pivotal role in achieving its long cycle life. Even under high current density of 240 mA g–1, it maintains satisfactory capacities, delivering 61.6 mAh g–1 after the 1000th cycles, indicating a capacity retention rate of 92.2% with only 0.0078% loss per cycle. This study indicates that layered-columnar structure design offers a viable strategy for the development of high-performance positive electrode material for sodium-ion batteries.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60823-0

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