ELD1 mediates photoperiodic flowering via OsCCA1 alternative splicing and interacts with phytochrome signaling in rice

Liang Cai, Benyuan Hao, Zhuang Xu, Song Cui, Qianyun Wu, Jiyoung Lee, Haigang Hou, Yuan Hu, Liang Zhu, Jie Wang, Wen Li, Kongyou Chang, Weihao Shao, Shanshan Zhu, Xiangchao Gan, Chao Li, Ling Jiang, Yunlu Tian, Xi Liu, Shijia Liu, Liangming Chen, Haiyang Wang, Shirong Zhou () and Jianmin Wan ()
Additional contact information
Liang Cai: Nanjing Agricultural University
Benyuan Hao: Nanjing Agricultural University
Zhuang Xu: Nanjing Agricultural University
Song Cui: Nanjing Agricultural University
Qianyun Wu: Nanjing Agricultural University
Jiyoung Lee: Nanjing Agricultural University
Haigang Hou: Nanjing Agricultural University
Yuan Hu: Nanjing Agricultural University
Liang Zhu: Nanjing Agricultural University
Jie Wang: Nanjing Agricultural University
Wen Li: Nanjing Agricultural University
Kongyou Chang: Nanjing Agricultural University
Weihao Shao: Nanjing Agricultural University
Shanshan Zhu: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Xiangchao Gan: Nanjing Agricultural University
Chao Li: Nanjing Agricultural University
Ling Jiang: Nanjing Agricultural University
Yunlu Tian: Nanjing Agricultural University
Xi Liu: Nanjing Agricultural University
Shijia Liu: Nanjing Agricultural University
Liangming Chen: Nanjing Agricultural University
Haiyang Wang: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Shirong Zhou: Nanjing Agricultural University
Jianmin Wan: Nanjing Agricultural University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Photoperiodic flowering in plants is orchestrated by the dynamic interaction between light signals and the endogenous circadian clock, but how light signals integrate into the clock remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we identify ELD1, a CCHC-type zinc finger protein that is essential for rice embryo survival. Notably, partial loss of ELD1 function results in early flowering under long-day conditions. Further investigations demonstrate that ELD1 physically interacts with OsNKAP, an orthologue of mammal NF-κB activating protein, as well as core splicing factors to regulate the splicing profile of OsCCA1, a core oscillator of the circadian clock. Molecular and genetic evidence indicate that OsCCA1 is the primary target of ELD1 in controlling flowering time. Additionally, ELD1 interacts with photoactivated phyB, mediating red-light-regulated alternative splicing of OsCCA1. Collectively, our findings establish a molecular connection between light signaling and the circadian clock, with ELD1 modulating OsCCA1 alternative splicing to control photoperiodic flowering.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60839-6

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