Accelerating water dissociation to achieve ampere-level hydrogen peroxide electrosynthesis in brine and seawater

Jiahuan Nie, Qiao Jiang, Zhiyuan Sang (), Min Zheng, Zhenxin Li, Wei Liu, Yang De’an, Yao Zheng, Lichang Yin (), Feng Hou, Xiao Yan () and Ji Liang ()
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Jiahuan Nie: Tianjin University
Qiao Jiang: Tianjin University
Zhiyuan Sang: Tianjin University
Min Zheng: The University of Adelaide
Zhenxin Li: Tianjin University
Wei Liu: Tianjin University
Yang De’an: Tianjin University
Yao Zheng: The University of Adelaide
Lichang Yin: Chinese Academy of Science
Feng Hou: Tianjin University
Xiao Yan: Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology
Ji Liang: Tianjin University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Ampere-level hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) electrosynthesis in brine and seawater via two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) is promising, but limited by the slow water dissociation and insufficient protons in neutral media. Hence, we design a multifunctional Ni(OH)2 nanoplates anchored on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as 2e− ORR catalyst towards H2O2 electrosynthesis, where Ni(OH)2 nanoplates accelerate water dissociation and proton transfer, resolving the critical proton shortage for H2O2 formation. Combined with exceptional chloride tolerance and suppressed hydrogen evolution, the catalyst achieves a high H2O2 yield of 141 mol g−1 h−1 (14.1 mmol cm−2 h−1) at 1 A cm−2 and a long operation time over 150 h at 200 mA cm−2 in 1 M NaCl solution with >80% H2O2 selectivity. In natural seawater, it achieves a Faraday efficiency over 70% at 100 mA cm−2. This work enables water purification/disinfection via simultaneous H2O2/active chlorine production, bridging electrosynthesis with environmental remediation.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60950-8

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