Self-rectifying memristors with high rectification ratio for attack-resilient autonomous driving systems

Guobin Zhang, Xuemeng Fan, Jie Wang, Zijian Wang, Zhejia Zhang, Pengtao Li, Yitao Ma, Kejie Huang, Bin Yu, Qing Wan (), Xiangshui Miao () and Yishu Zhang ()
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Guobin Zhang: Zhejiang University
Xuemeng Fan: Zhejiang University
Jie Wang: Zhejiang University
Zijian Wang: Zhejiang University
Zhejia Zhang: Zhejiang University
Pengtao Li: Zhejiang University
Yitao Ma: Zhejiang University
Kejie Huang: Zhejiang University
Bin Yu: Zhejiang University
Qing Wan: Yongjiang Laboratory
Xiangshui Miao: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Yishu Zhang: Zhejiang University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract With the rise of big data and the Internet of Things, smart devices, especially autonomous driving systems, have become prime targets for information leakage and cyberattacks. This study presents the design and fabrication of a self-rectifying memristor utilizing a TiN/HfOx/Pt structure to enhance the security and reliability of autopilot systems. Following rapid thermal annealing treatment, the self-rectifying memristor demonstrates a recorded rectification ratio exceeding 108 and a nonlinearity of over 105, coupled with minimal device-to-device (3.32%) and cycle-to-cycle variations (1.55%). We further extend the application of self-rectifying memristors into crossbar arrays for the real-time classification of autonomous driving datasets, showcasing their capability to execute artificial neural networks at the hardware level. The proposed crossbar arrays exhibit robust attack resilience, achieving classification accuracy (84.25%) comparable to those of software models (84.34%), particularly under complex attack scenarios. This work not only highlights the potential of self-rectifying memristors in bolstering the security of autonomous driving systems but also offers innovative strategies for safeguarding future intelligent transportation systems.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60970-4

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