Methods to achieve near-millisecond energy relaxation and dephasing times for a superconducting transmon qubit

Mikko Tuokkola (), Yoshiki Sunada, Heidi Kivijärvi, Jonatan Albanese, Leif Grönberg, Jukka-Pekka Kaikkonen, Visa Vesterinen, Joonas Govenius and Mikko Möttönen ()
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Mikko Tuokkola: Aalto University
Yoshiki Sunada: Aalto University
Heidi Kivijärvi: Aalto University
Jonatan Albanese: Aalto University
Leif Grönberg: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. & QTF Centre of Excellence
Jukka-Pekka Kaikkonen: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. & QTF Centre of Excellence
Visa Vesterinen: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. & QTF Centre of Excellence
Joonas Govenius: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. & QTF Centre of Excellence
Mikko Möttönen: Aalto University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Superconducting qubits are one of the most promising physical systems for implementing quantum computers. However, executing quantum algorithms of practical computational advantage requires further improvements in the fidelities of qubit operations, which are currently limited by the energy relaxation and dephasing times of the qubits. Here, we report our measurement results of a high-coherence transmon qubit with energy relaxation and echo dephasing times surpassing those in the existing literature. We measure a qubit frequency of 2.9 GHz, an energy relaxation time T1 with a median of 425 μs and a maximum of (666 ± 33)μs, and an echo dephasing time $${T}_{2}^{{{{\rm{echo}}}}}$$ T 2 echo with a median of 541 μs and a maximum of (1057 ± 138)μs. We report in detail our design, fabrication process, and measurement setup to facilitate the reproduction and wide adoption of high-coherence transmon qubits in the academia and industry.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-61126-0

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