Total-area world-record efficiency of 27.03% for 350.0 cm2 commercial-sized single-junction silicon solar cells

Hongbo Tong (), Shan Tan (), Yongshuai Zhang, Yuru He, Chao Ding, Hongchao Zhang, Jinhua He, Jun Cao, Hai Liu, Yali Li, Jikai Kang, Xinxing Xu, Chen Chen, Yao Chen, Feilong Sun, Bowen Feng, Heng Sun, Xian Jiang, Long Yu, Jinyu Li, Deyan He, Junshuai Li () and Zhenguo Li ()
Additional contact information
Hongbo Tong: Lanzhou University
Shan Tan: Lanzhou University
Yongshuai Zhang: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Yuru He: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Chao Ding: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Hongchao Zhang: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Jinhua He: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Jun Cao: Lanzhou University
Hai Liu: Lanzhou University
Yali Li: Lanzhou University
Jikai Kang: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Xinxing Xu: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Chen Chen: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Yao Chen: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Feilong Sun: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Bowen Feng: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Heng Sun: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Xian Jiang: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Long Yu: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Jinyu Li: LONGi Green Energy Technology Co. Ltd
Deyan He: Lanzhou University
Junshuai Li: Lanzhou University
Zhenguo Li: Lanzhou University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Performance improvement is the cornerstone to facilitate the healthy and sustainable development of photovoltaic industry. Meanwhile, the aesthetics of solar panels becomes growingly concerned with the continuously improved requirements from customers. Accordingly, developing the modules having both a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) and better aesthetic appearance is increasingly important. The structural advantage of back contact (BC) silicon solar cells, having a grid-line-free front surface, endows them with an exceptionally aesthetic appearance and the highest theoretical PCE among single-junction silicon solar cells. Fully utilizing these structural features is crucial for achieving high performance and gaining an insight into their industrial potential. Here, a facile double-sided light management strategy, incorporating hierarchical micro/submicrotextured pyramids on the sunny side and nanostructured polished surface in the rear gap region to reduce optical losses and improve appearance uniformity, has been developed on tunnel oxide passivated back contact (TBC) solar cells, to create a record total-area PCE of 27.03% for 350.0 cm2 commercial-sized single-junction silicon solar cells. In addition, the low bifaciality factor that is the main short slab for BC technology is overcome by our TBC devices with the bifaciality factor of > 80%.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-61128-y

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