Directly measured high in-plane thermal conductivity of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks

Jinghang Dai, Qiyi Fang, Gustavo A. Alvarez, Amelia Schaeffer, Kirt A. Page, Jiyoung Kim, Samuel M. Kielar, Joyce Christiansen-Salameh, Eugene Jeong, Dayanni D. Bhagwandin, Jinha Kwon, Ly D. Tran, Md. Sherajul Islam, Ajit K. Roy, Nicholas R. Glavin, Yu Zhong, Jun Lou () and Zhiting Tian ()
Additional contact information
Jinghang Dai: Cornell University
Qiyi Fang: Rice University
Gustavo A. Alvarez: Cornell University
Amelia Schaeffer: Cornell University
Kirt A. Page: Cornell University
Jiyoung Kim: Cornell University
Samuel M. Kielar: Cornell University
Joyce Christiansen-Salameh: Cornell University
Eugene Jeong: Cornell University
Dayanni D. Bhagwandin: Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
Jinha Kwon: Cornell University
Ly D. Tran: Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
Md. Sherajul Islam: Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
Ajit K. Roy: Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
Nicholas R. Glavin: Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
Yu Zhong: Cornell University
Jun Lou: Rice University
Zhiting Tian: Cornell University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks are promising low-density porous materials for lightweight thermal management, yet comprehensive thermal conductivity measurements remain scarce. Particularly, direct in-plane thermal conductivity data for large-area, fully suspended covalent organic framework thin films has not been reported previously. This study addresses this gap by measuring in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivities of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with varying pore sizes using laser-based pump-probe techniques. Transient thermal grating spectroscopy revealed a high in-plane thermal conductivity of 1.18 ± 0.21 W/(m⋅K) for a sample with a 1.4 nm pore size, highlighting a notable pore size effect. Cross-plane thermal conductivity measured via frequency-domain thermoreflectance indicated weak thermal anisotropy for samples with larger pores. Grazing-incident wide-angle X-ray scattering provided structural insights and clarified heat conduction mechanisms. These direct in-plane thermal conductivity measurements enhance understanding of thermal transport behaviors in covalent organic frameworks, supporting their development as advanced thermal management materials.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-61334-8

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