The mitotic chromosome periphery modulates chromosome mechanics

Tania Mendonca (), Roman Urban, Kellie Lucken, George Coney, Neil M. Kad, Manlio Tassieri (), Amanda J. Wright () and Daniel G. Booth ()
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Tania Mendonca: University of Nottingham
Roman Urban: University of Kent
Kellie Lucken: University of Nottingham
George Coney: University of Nottingham
Neil M. Kad: University of Kent
Manlio Tassieri: University of Glasgow
Amanda J. Wright: University of Nottingham
Daniel G. Booth: University of Nottingham

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract In dividing cells, chromosomes are coated in a sheath of proteins and RNA called the mitotic chromosome periphery. This sheath is thought to confer biophysical properties to chromosomes, critical for successful cell division. However, the details of chromosome mechanics, and specifically, if and how the chromosome periphery contributes to them, remain poorly understood. In this study, we present a comprehensive characterisation of single-chromosome mechanics using optical tweezers and an improved broadband microrheology analysis. We extend this analysis to direct measurements of the chromosome periphery by manipulating levels of Ki-67, its chief organiser, and apply a rheological model to isolate its contribution to chromosome mechanics. We report that the chromosome periphery governs dynamic self-reorganisation of chromosomes and acts as a structural constraint, providing force-damping properties. This work provides significant insight into chromosome mechanics and will inform our understanding of the mitotic chromosome periphery’s role in cell division.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-61755-5

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