Elaboration of molecular glues that target TRIM21 into TRIMTACs that degrade protein aggregates

Marc A. Scemama de Gialluly (), Anthony R. Allen, Elijah H. Hayes, Patrick Zhuang, Ralston B. Goldfarb, Amanda N. Farrar, Yuriy Fedorov and Drew J. Adams ()
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Marc A. Scemama de Gialluly: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Anthony R. Allen: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Elijah H. Hayes: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Patrick Zhuang: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Ralston B. Goldfarb: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Amanda N. Farrar: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Yuriy Fedorov: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Drew J. Adams: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Approaches for the discovery of molecular glues remain limited. Here we report a phenotypic screening approach in which cytotoxins whose mechanisms require ubiquitination show a gain of viability following pharmacological inhibition of the Ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme (UBA1/UAE). This approach reveals PRLX-93936 and BMS-214662 as molecular glues that directly target the E3 ligase TRIM21 to induce degradation of nucleoporin proteins and inhibit nuclear trafficking. The cytotoxicity of these agents correlates strongly with TRIM21 expression, suggesting re-evaluation of these clinically tested agents in patients with TRIM21-high cancers. Relative to recently disclosed TRIM21-targeting glues, PRLX-93936 and newly-synthesized analogs represent a distinct structural series, lack known cellular off-targets, and offer greatly enhanced potency. Additionally, we elaborate PRLX-93936 to a heterobifunctional degrader that uses wild-type TRIM21 to degrade a multimeric protein. Together, our work creates opportunities for targeted protein degradation and enables the design of additional TRIM21-targeting glues and Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs).

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-61818-7

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