Cell-free DNA testing for the detection and prognosis prediction of pancreatic cancer

Jianmin Wu, Xiongfei Xu, Qingzheng Zhang, Peilong Li, Tong Wu, Shiwei Guo, Lutao Du, Dongdong Xue, Siyun Shen, Fuming Sun, Ji Hu, Lu Zheng, Xuan Wu, Jian Bai, Yin Wang, Lin Wu (), Weiwei Liu (), Hongyang Wang (), Gang Jin () and Lei Chen ()
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Jianmin Wu: Fudan University
Xiongfei Xu: Naval Medical University
Qingzheng Zhang: Genetrix Biotech Corporation
Peilong Li: The Second Hospital of Shandong University
Tong Wu: General Hospital of Northern Theater Command
Shiwei Guo: Naval Medical University
Lutao Du: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovation Technology in Laboratory Medicine
Dongdong Xue: Naval Medical University
Siyun Shen: Naval Medical University
Fuming Sun: Berry Oncology Corporation
Ji Hu: Naval Medical University
Lu Zheng: Berry Oncology Corporation
Xuan Wu: Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Jian Bai: Berry Oncology Corporation
Yin Wang: Berry Oncology Corporation
Lin Wu: Berry Oncology Corporation
Weiwei Liu: Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Hongyang Wang: Fudan University
Gang Jin: Naval Medical University
Lei Chen: Naval Medical University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Pancreatic cancer is known for its lethal condition, with most cases being diagnosed at advanced stage. Recently, liquid biopsy has emerged as a promising tool in cancer detection. Here we develop both an early detection model and a prognostic model for pancreatic cancer using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) end motif, fragmentation, nucleosome footprint (NF), and copy number alteration (CNA) features from plasma cfDNA. A total of 975 individuals were enrolled in our study. We developed an integrated model that demonstrated superior performance in distinguishing patients with early-stage pancreatic cancer from non-cancer controls. Moreover, we find that cfDNA features are associated with prognostic outcomes among pancreatic cancer patients. In this study, a cfDNA-based liquid biopsy signature is established for the early detection and prognostic prediction of pancreatic cancer. CfDNA may become a valuable tool for enhancing early diagnosis and prognosis assessment in this challenging disease.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-61890-z

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