Iceberg-like pyramids in industrially textured silicon enabled 33% efficient perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells

Daoyong Zhang, Tao Wu, Biao Li, Degong Ding, Ruilin Li, Jiyao Wei, Hengyu Zhang, Chenxia Kan, Yuxin Yao, Pengjie Hang (), Zhiguo Yu, Zhenyi Ni, Kaifu Qiu, Deren Yang () and Xuegong Yu ()
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Daoyong Zhang: Zhejiang University
Tao Wu: Zhejiang Aiko Solar Energy Technology Co., Ltd
Biao Li: Zhejiang University
Degong Ding: Zhejiang University
Ruilin Li: Zhejiang University
Jiyao Wei: Zhejiang University
Hengyu Zhang: Zhejiang University
Chenxia Kan: Zhejiang University
Yuxin Yao: Zhejiang University
Pengjie Hang: Zhejiang University
Zhiguo Yu: Zhejiang University
Zhenyi Ni: Zhejiang University
Kaifu Qiu: Zhejiang Aiko Solar Energy Technology Co., Ltd
Deren Yang: Zhejiang University
Xuegong Yu: Zhejiang University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract The pursuit of higher-efficiency solar cells has spurred the integration of perovskite materials with silicon-based technologies, yet achieving an efficient tandem architecture that leverages industrially textured silicon (ITS) with pyramid sizes larger than 2 μm remains a significant challenge. Such textured surfaces complicate the uniform coverage of the subsequent hole-selective layer deposition and the high-quality deposition of perovskites, ultimately causing significant contact losses in tandem devices. This study presents a tandem solar cell architecture that employs localized submicron contacts, enabled by silica (SiOX) nanospheres, to effectively regulate silicon substrate surfaces that exhibit iceberg-like pyramids. This architecture facilitates the complete coverage of solution-processed perovskites on ITS substrates while substantially reducing interfacial recombination losses and enhancing charge carrier transport. Consequently, the developed tandem solar cells demonstrate certified power conversion efficiencies of up to 33.15% in a one square centimeter area, along with improved device stability.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-62389-3

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