Lithium intercalated FeSe as a high-temperature superconducting ferromagnet

Yi Hu, Keyi Liang, Jie Li, Zhijie Li, Fanyu Meng, Hechang Lei, Jiyuan Wang, Huizhen Wen, Ruozhou Zhang, Jiaqiang Cai, Jinglei Zhang, Yi Lu (), Yihua Wang (), Qi-Kun Xue () and Ding Zhang ()
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Yi Hu: Tsinghua University
Keyi Liang: Fudan University
Jie Li: Nanjing University
Zhijie Li: Fudan University
Fanyu Meng: Renmin University of China
Hechang Lei: Renmin University of China
Jiyuan Wang: Tsinghua University
Huizhen Wen: Tsinghua University
Ruozhou Zhang: Fudan University
Jiaqiang Cai: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jinglei Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yi Lu: Nanjing University
Yihua Wang: Fudan University
Qi-Kun Xue: Tsinghua University
Ding Zhang: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Merging superconductivity and ferromagnetism in a single material may promise unparalleled quantum properties for next-generation devices. Here, we bring together the two antagonistic phenomena at a record-high temperature via electric-field controlled lithiation of FeSe. The in-situ gating allows us to switch the simple compound of FeSe between a nonmagnetic superconductor and a superconducting ferromagnet. In the latter state, itinerant ferromagnetism persists from above 200 K to a temperature well below the superconducting transition temperature (45 K), as demonstrated not only by magneto-transport but also via scanning superconducting quantum interference device (sSQUID) microscopy. Interestingly, applying certain in-plane magnetic fields enhances superconductivity, reflecting the intimate interplay between high-temperature superconductivity and ferromagnetism. Density-functional theory calculations further reveal the instability of FeSe toward ferromagnetism at a moderate lithium concentration. These findings open up fresh opportunities in iron-based superconductors that interface dissipationless electronics and spintronics.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-62624-x

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