Quarter- and half-filled quantum Hall states and their topological orders revealed by daughter states in bilayer graphene

Ravi Kumar, André Haug, Jehyun Kim, Misha Yutushui, Konstantin Khudiakov, Vishal Bhardwaj, Alexey Ilin, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, David F. Mross and Yuval Ronen ()
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Ravi Kumar: Weizmann Institute of Science
André Haug: Weizmann Institute of Science
Jehyun Kim: Weizmann Institute of Science
Misha Yutushui: Weizmann Institute of Science
Konstantin Khudiakov: Weizmann Institute of Science
Vishal Bhardwaj: Weizmann Institute of Science
Alexey Ilin: Weizmann Institute of Science
K. Watanabe: National Institute for Materials Science
T. Taniguchi: National Institute for Materials Science
David F. Mross: Weizmann Institute of Science
Yuval Ronen: Weizmann Institute of Science

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Even-denominator fractional quantum Hall states are promising candidates for fault-tolerant quantum computing due to their underlying non-Abelian topological order. However, the topological order of these states remains hotly debated. Here, we report transport measurements on ultra-clean bilayer graphene heterostructures, where we observed four quarter-filled states and their corresponding Levin-Halperin daughter states, constraining their topological order. Moreover, we complete the sequence of half-filled plateaus by detecting states at $$\nu=-\frac{3}{2}$$ ν = − 3 2 and $$\nu=\frac{1}{2}$$ ν = 1 2 whose daughters suggest an alternating sequence of non-Abelian orders. This pattern suggests a universal origin supporting their use in identifying topological order at even-denominator fillings, though further confirmation is needed via direct measurements. The observed quarter- and half-filled states appear in N = 0 and N = 1 Landau levels, respectively, and thus highlight a competition between interactions favoring paired states of either four- or two-flux composite fermions. Additionally, we observe several ‘next-generation’ quantum Hall states that require strong interactions between composite fermions.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-62650-9

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