Highly efficient all-perovskite photovoltaic-powered battery with dual-function viologen for portable electronics

Jie Gong, Danpeng Gao, Hang Zhang, Xiongyi Liang, Bo Li, Qi Liu, Liangchen Qian, Xintong Li, Xin Wu, Chunlei Zhang, Zexin Yu, Francesco Vanin, Xiao Cheng Zeng (), Nan Li (), Jijian Xu (), Chunyi Zhi () and Zonglong Zhu ()
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Jie Gong: City University of Hong Kong
Danpeng Gao: City University of Hong Kong
Hang Zhang: City University of Hong Kong
Xiongyi Liang: City University of Hong Kong
Bo Li: City University of Hong Kong
Qi Liu: City University of Hong Kong
Liangchen Qian: City University of Hong Kong
Xintong Li: City University of Hong Kong
Xin Wu: City University of Hong Kong
Chunlei Zhang: City University of Hong Kong
Zexin Yu: City University of Hong Kong
Francesco Vanin: City University of Hong Kong
Xiao Cheng Zeng: City University of Hong Kong
Nan Li: City University of Hong Kong
Jijian Xu: City University of Hong Kong
Chunyi Zhi: City University of Hong Kong
Zonglong Zhu: City University of Hong Kong

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Photovoltaic-powered batteries offer a promising integrated solution for sustainable energy in portable electronics, yet conventional designs face challenges in integration, miniaturization, and flexibility. We address this through a dual-functional, material-sharing strategy using ethyl viologen diiodide to achieve synergistic performance enhancement in photovoltaic-powered batteries. The ethyl viologen diiodide-modified perovskite solar cells exhibit 26.11% efficiency and retain 96.2% of their original performance after 1000 h of continuous use. Batteries employing ethyl viologen diiodide-derived perovskitoid cathodes show 296.1 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, with a capacity retention of 89% after 10,000 cycles at 5 A g−1. The resulting all-perovskite-based integrated devices show an overall energy conversion efficiency of 18.54%, with flexible versions achieving 17.62% efficiency and stable photo-charging/discharging cyclability over 100 cycles. These flexible devices reliably power a wearable glucose monitor in intelligent control mode for 24 h, demonstrating their potential for next-generation portable electronics applications.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-63272-x

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