Correlates of risk of respiratory syncytial virus disease: a prospective cohort study

Collrane Frivold (), Sarah N. Cox, Lea Starita, Tara M. Babu, Katherine L. Hoffman, Marco Carone, Christina M. Lockwood, Jennifer L. Kuntz, Richard A. Mularski, Alexandra Varga, Peter D. Han, Jonathan Reed, Eli A. Piliper, Shah A. K. Mohamed Bakhash, Alexander L. Greninger, Erica Clark, Jeremy Stone, Sally Grindstaff, Cassandra L. Boisvert, Neil Yetz, Natalie K. Lo, Tara L. Hatchie, Grace Marshall, Charles J. Wolock, Leora R. Feldstein, Ana A. Weil, Janet A. Englund, Allison L. Naleway and Helen Y. Chu
Additional contact information
Collrane Frivold: University of Washington
Sarah N. Cox: University of Washington
Lea Starita: Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine
Tara M. Babu: University of Washington
Katherine L. Hoffman: University of Washington
Marco Carone: University of Washington
Christina M. Lockwood: Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine
Jennifer L. Kuntz: Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research
Richard A. Mularski: Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research
Alexandra Varga: Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research
Peter D. Han: University of Washington
Jonathan Reed: University of Washington
Eli A. Piliper: University of Washington
Shah A. K. Mohamed Bakhash: University of Washington
Alexander L. Greninger: University of Washington
Erica Clark: University of Washington
Jeremy Stone: University of Washington
Sally Grindstaff: Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine
Cassandra L. Boisvert: Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research
Neil Yetz: Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research
Natalie K. Lo: University of Washington
Tara L. Hatchie: University of Washington
Grace Marshall: University of Washington
Charles J. Wolock: University of Rochester
Leora R. Feldstein: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Ana A. Weil: University of Washington
Janet A. Englund: Seattle Children’s Research Institute
Allison L. Naleway: Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research
Helen Y. Chu: University of Washington

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Few population-based studies have evaluated the importance of pre-existing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibody on RSV susceptibility among children and adults. We conducted a prospective, community-based cohort study among individuals aged 6 months-50 years in Oregon and Washington State, USA (June 2022-May 2023), with weekly symptom surveys and swab collection regardless of symptoms. Swabs were tested for RSV using RT-qPCR. Enrollment sera were tested for RSV prefusion F IgG binding (all participants) and neutralizing antibodies (pediatric participants). We detected 305 RSV illnesses among 3237 participants from 1188 households. Using proportional hazards regression, higher RSV binding antibody titers were associated with a lower estimated hazard of RSV among pediatric participants (hazard ratio=0.66 per 1-unit difference in log10-RSV antibody titer; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.78). In a post-pandemic period, pre-existing RSV antibody titers were associated with a lower risk of RSV illness in children aged 6 months-17 years, which could inform vaccine development for this age group.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-63434-x

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