Cocrystal effect-driven ultrafast phase-transition ionogel for dynamically switchable adhesion interfaces

Yan Zheng, Zhikai Dong, Shaochuan Luo, Qi Jin, Songlin Tao, Yichen Ding, Tang Li, Xiaoliang Wang (), Dongshan Zhou () and Shuangjun Chen ()
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Yan Zheng: Nanjing Tech University
Zhikai Dong: Nanjing Tech University
Shaochuan Luo: Nanjing University
Qi Jin: Nanjing University
Songlin Tao: Nanjing University
Yichen Ding: Nanjing University
Tang Li: Nanjing University
Xiaoliang Wang: Nanjing University
Dongshan Zhou: Nanjing University
Shuangjun Chen: Nanjing Tech University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Smart adhesion materials are paramount to the construction of dynamic adhesion interfaces in domains such as flexible electronics, soft robotics, and precision manufacturing. Research focuses on resolving the inherent contradiction between material adhesion and switchability. Herein, we report a poly(ionic liquid)/ionic liquid cocrystal ionogel that combines the advantages of polymer and small-molecule phase transitions, enabling rapid and repeated switching between strong-weak adhesion states while simultaneously converting adhesion changes into electrical signal feedback to the external environment. The study shows that the long alkyl chains in the two components form a cocrystal structure, with the crystallization-melting temperature precisely controlled by the alkyl chain length (−10 to 60 °C). The ultrafast phase transition (t1/2 1000 N/m, switching ratio >120) and electrical properties (switching ratio: 10²−10³). Based on the adhesion-electrical coupling effect, we design a dual-mode smart capture patch with dynamically feedback-regulated adhesion to enable objects’ free pickup and release. This work provides a pathway for designing smart adhesive materials for dynamic adhesion interfaces.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-63853-w

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