Organic film evolution and recombination losses in highly efficient perovskite/organic tandem solar cells

Xinyue Cui, Guanshui Xie, Guangliu Ran, Yuqiang Liu (), Xueqing Ma, Gendi Zhang, Qiumin Kong, Wenkai Zhang (), Hongxiang Li (), Pei Cheng, Dan Ouyang (), Longbin Qiu () and Zhishan Bo ()
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Xinyue Cui: Qingdao University
Guanshui Xie: Southern University of Science and Technology
Guangliu Ran: Beijing Normal University
Yuqiang Liu: Qingdao University
Xueqing Ma: Beijing Normal University
Gendi Zhang: Beijing Normal University
Qiumin Kong: Qingdao University
Wenkai Zhang: Beijing Normal University
Hongxiang Li: Guang’an Institute of Technology
Pei Cheng: Sichuan University
Dan Ouyang: Qingdao University
Longbin Qiu: Southern University of Science and Technology
Zhishan Bo: Qingdao University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Perovskite/organic tandem solar cells are a promising strategy to surpass the efficiency limits of single-junction devices, yet their performance is restricted by recombination losses in the organic subcells. Here, we investigate these losses by tracking film evolution from the very initial stage of organic film formation. We strategically manipulated donor and acceptor ratios to modulate film growth characteristics, while employing in situ techniques to monitor the real-time crystallization dynamics. Our research findings underscore that the variance in donor content within the organic blend exerts a fine-tuning effect on the solution-to-solid transformation process. When the donor content is inadequate, the acceptor molecules tend to aggregate, disrupting molecular packing and lowering crystallinity. These morphological changes hinder exciton dissociation, thereby leading to charge recombination and deteriorating overall device performance. Optimizing film morphology and crystallization reduces recombination losses, enabling perovskite/organic tandem solar cells with a record 26.42% power conversion efficiency.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-64032-7

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