A high-κ homogeneous ink for printable electroluminescent devices

Tao Li, Zhengwen Li, Weilong Chen, Junhao Chen, Haijie Zhou, Caiyan Wang, Xiaochun Cao, Bin Li (), Shujiang Ding () and Lei Shi ()
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Tao Li: Sun Yat-sen University
Zhengwen Li: Sun Yat-sen University
Weilong Chen: Sun Yat-sen University
Junhao Chen: Sun Yat-sen University
Haijie Zhou: Sun Yat-sen University
Caiyan Wang: Sun Yat-sen University
Xiaochun Cao: Sun Yat-sen University
Bin Li: Sun Yat-sen University
Shujiang Ding: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Lei Shi: Sun Yat-sen University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Flexible alternating-current electroluminescent (ACEL) devices combine light emission with mechanical flexibility, enabling applications in wearables, soft robotics, and human–machine interfaces. Previous attempts to lower the driving voltage using high-permittivity fillers (e.g., BaTiO₃, liquid metals, ionic liquids) improved dielectric properties, but the inclusion of these heterogeneous fillers often compromised transparency and pattern clarity. Here, we report a printable, transparent high-dielectric ink that addresses these issues. By incorporating small high-dielectric molecules into a polymer matrix and employing screen printing with one-step photopolymerization, we fabricated patterned ACEL devices of high quality. The ink exhibits a dielectric constant up to 25 and transparency up to 90%, enabling efficient emission at a low voltage of ~0.33 V µm⁻¹, among the lowest reported. Its excellent printability supports scalable, cost-effective patterning, and devices can be wirelessly powered by harvesting ambient electromagnetic energy for chip- and battery-free operation.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-64075-w

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