In situ coordinated HTL strategy for high-performance and scalable perovskite solar cells

Yulu Sun, Ruoyao Xu, Jinfei Dai (), Hebing Tang, Jungang Wang, Weilun Cai, Peizhou Li, Jie Xu, Fang Yuan, Bo Jiao, Jingrui Li, Zhaoxin Wu () and Hua Dong ()
Additional contact information
Yulu Sun: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Ruoyao Xu: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Jinfei Dai: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Hebing Tang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Jungang Wang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Weilun Cai: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Peizhou Li: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Jie Xu: Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology
Fang Yuan: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Bo Jiao: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Jingrui Li: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Zhaoxin Wu: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Hua Dong: Xi’an Jiaotong University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Achieving uniform and stable hole transport layers (HTL) is crucial for large-area perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, current self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-based HTL suffer from weak interfacial adhesion, poor film uniformity, and limited stability, constraining their scalability. Our study proposes an integrated HTL strategy with in situ SAM anchoring during NiOx synthesis, forming a type of scalable, high-performance, and durable HTL. This strategy significantly enhances molecular ordering, energy level alignment, and charge extraction, leading to a more pronounced performance improvement in large-area slot-die coating modules. PSCs with this HTL achieved a champion PCE of 26.02% (with an active area of 0.0655 cm2), while large-area modules reached 22.80% at 23.25 cm2, 21.45% at 87.45 cm2, and 20.21% at 749.276 cm2 (certified at 19.50%), showing superior scalability. Moreover, the irradiation and thermal stability, key concerns for commercial applications, were significantly improved. The encapsulated industrial-scale modules successfully passed the three module quality tests (MQTs) in the IEC 61215-2-2021 standard: outdoor exposure (MQT 08), UV pre-conditioning (MQT 10), and wet-high temperature operating life (MQT 13) tests.

Date: 2025
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-64111-9 Abstract (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-64111-9

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
https://www.nature.com/ncomms/

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-64111-9

Access Statistics for this article

Nature Communications is currently edited by Nathalie Le Bot, Enda Bergin and Fiona Gillespie

More articles in Nature Communications from Nature
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().