Anomalously enhanced diffusivity of moiré excitons via manipulating the interplay with correlated electrons

Li Yan, Lei Ma, Yuze Meng, Chengxin Xiao, Bo Chen, Qiran Wu, Jingyuan Cui, Qingrui Cao, Rounak Banerjee, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Seth Ariel Tongay, Benjamin Hunt, Yong-Tao Cui, Wang Yao and Su-Fei Shi ()
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Li Yan: Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Physics
Lei Ma: Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Physics
Yuze Meng: Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Physics
Chengxin Xiao: University of Hong Kong, Department of Physics
Bo Chen: Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Physics
Qiran Wu: Riverside, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California
Jingyuan Cui: Riverside, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California
Qingrui Cao: Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Physics
Rounak Banerjee: Arizona State University, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy
Takashi Taniguchi: 1-1 Namiki, Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science
Kenji Watanabe: 1-1 Namiki, Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials, National Institute for Materials Science
Seth Ariel Tongay: Arizona State University, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy
Benjamin Hunt: Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Physics
Yong-Tao Cui: Riverside, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California
Wang Yao: University of Hong Kong, Department of Physics
Su-Fei Shi: Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Physics

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) moiré superlattices provide an unprecedented platform for manipulating excitons. The in-situ control of moiré excitons could enable novel excitonic devices but remains challenging. Meanwhile, as dipolar composite bosons, interlayer excitons in the type-II aligned TMDC moiré superlattices exhibit strong interactions with fermionic charge carriers. Here, we demonstrate active manipulation of exciton diffusivity by tuning their interplay with correlated carriers in moiré potentials. When electrons form Mott insulators, the interlayer exciton energy is blueshifted due to strong electron-exciton repulsion, leading to the enhancement of diffusivity by as much as two orders of magnitude. In contrast, exciton diffusivity is suppressed at fractional fillings, where carriers form generalized Wigner crystals. In between fractional fillings, electrons populate all moiré traps, resulting in enhanced diffusivity with increasing carrier density, owing to the effectively reduced moiré potential confinement experienced by excitons. Our study inspires further engineering and controlling exotic excitonic states in TMDC moiré superlattices for fascinating quantum phenomena and novel excitonic devices.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-65602-5

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