Acoustic spin skyrmion molecule lattices enabling stable transport and flexible manipulation

Lei Liu, Xiujuan Zhang (), Ming-Hui Lu () and Yan-Feng Chen ()
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Lei Liu: Nanjing University, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Xiujuan Zhang: Nanjing University, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Ming-Hui Lu: Nanjing University, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Yan-Feng Chen: Nanjing University, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Materials Science and Engineering

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Skyrmions—topologically protected nanoscale spin textures with vortex-like configurations—hold transformative potential for ultra-dense data storage, spintronics and quantum computing. However, their practical utility is challenged by dynamic instability, complex interaction, and the lack of deterministic control. Here, we introduce a skyrmion molecule lattice, a novel architecture where pairs of skyrmions with opposite polarizability are symmetry-locked into stable molecule configurations. These molecules emerge as propagating eigenstates of the system, enabling robust transport. Using a boundary engineering technique, we achieve deterministic control over skyrmion creation, deformation, annihilation, and polarizability inversion. This is experimentally demonstrated in a graphene-inspired acoustic surface wave metamaterial by harnessing topological acoustic spin structures. Our work, leveraging symmetry principles, establishes a universal framework for stabilizing, transporting and manipulating the skyrmion quasiparticles.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-65611-4

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