Discontinuous orbital angular momentum metasurface holography

Xinyue Gao, Zhipeng Yu, Jing Yao, Xinyang Mu, Yuzhi Shi, Puxiang Lai, Bo Li and Qinghua Song ()
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Xinyue Gao: Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School
Zhipeng Yu: Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School
Jing Yao: Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Biomedical Engineering
Xinyang Mu: Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School
Yuzhi Shi: Tongji University, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering
Puxiang Lai: Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Biomedical Engineering
Bo Li: Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School
Qinghua Song: Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing holography has emerged as a pivotal technology for high-capacity optical communication, encryption and display, but it requires multiple inputs for decoding and its security remain constrained due to the rotational symmetry of topological charge (TC) distribution in conventional OAM modes. Here, we introduce a general paradigm of OAM multiplexing holography that enables multi-channel holographic encoding using a single incident light. Our methodology leverages a discontinuous OAM with a spatially varying TC across the azimuth, which breaks the rotational symmetry and imposes angular selectivity for information retrieval. Notably, by rationally designing the TC distribution, the discontinuous OAM exhibits self-orthogonality at different rotation angles, laying the foundation for multiplexed holography. A modified weighted Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm is developed to calculate the holographic phase profile, which can then be encoded onto a pure geometry-phase metasurface. By further integrating different pairs of discontinuous OAMs, we successfully expand the channel capacity for holographic multiplexing, significantly advancing high-security and high-capacity optical information encryption. Our work establishes discontinuous OAM as a versatile platform for secure optical communications, high-density data storage, and dynamic holographic displays, bridging the gap between structured light manipulation and cryptographic robustness.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-65722-y

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