Indigenous infants in remote Australia retain an ancestral gut microbiome despite encroaching Westernization

Leonard C. Harrison (), Theo R. Allnutt, Sarah Hanieh, Alexandra J. Roth-Schulze, Katrina M. Ngui, Natalie L. Stone, Esther Bandala-Sanchez, Lilly Backshell, George Gurruwiwi, Veronica Gondarra, Jennifer J. Couper, Maria E. Craig, Elizabeth A. Davis, Tony Huynh, Georgia Soldatos, John M. Wentworth, Peter Vuillermin, Megan A. S. Penno and Beverley-Ann Biggs
Additional contact information
Leonard C. Harrison: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
Theo R. Allnutt: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
Sarah Hanieh: The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Department of Infectious Diseases
Alexandra J. Roth-Schulze: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
Katrina M. Ngui: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
Natalie L. Stone: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
Esther Bandala-Sanchez: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
Lilly Backshell: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
George Gurruwiwi: The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Department of Infectious Diseases
Veronica Gondarra: The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Department of Infectious Diseases
Jennifer J. Couper: University of Adelaide, Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School
Maria E. Craig: University of New South Wales, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Elizabeth A. Davis: The University of Western Australia, Children’s Diabetes Centre, Telethon Kids Institute
Tony Huynh: Queensland Children’s Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes
Georgia Soldatos: Monash University, Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
John M. Wentworth: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
Peter Vuillermin: Deakin University, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine
Megan A. S. Penno: Women’s and Children’s Hospital
Beverley-Ann Biggs: The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Department of Infectious Diseases

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Studies of traditional Indigenous compared to ‘Western’ gut microbiomes are underrepresented, and lacking in young children, limiting knowledge of early-life microbiomes in different cultural contexts. Here we analyze the gut metagenomes of 50 Indigenous Australian infants (median age

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-65758-0

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