Fractal fronts of diffusion in microgravity

Alberto Vailati (), Roberto Cerbino, Stefano Mazzoni, Christopher J. Takacs, David S. Cannell and Marzio Giglio
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Alberto Vailati: Università degli Studi di Milano
Roberto Cerbino: Università degli Studi di Milano
Stefano Mazzoni: Università degli Studi di Milano
Christopher J. Takacs: University of California at Santa Barbara
David S. Cannell: University of California at Santa Barbara
Marzio Giglio: Università degli Studi di Milano

Nature Communications, 2011, vol. 2, issue 1, 1-5

Abstract: Abstract Spatial scale invariance represents a remarkable feature of natural phenomena. A ubiquitous example is represented by miscible liquid phases undergoing diffusion. Theory and simulations predict that in the absence of gravity diffusion is characterized by long-ranged algebraic correlations. Experimental evidence of scale invariance generated by diffusion has been limited, because on Earth the development of long-range correlations is suppressed by gravity. Here we report experimental results obtained in microgravity during the flight of the FOTON M3 satellite. We find that during a diffusion process a dilute polymer solution exhibits scale-invariant concentration fluctuations with sizes ranging up to millimetres, and relaxation times as large as 1,000 s. The scale invariance is limited only by the finite size of the sample, in agreement with recent theoretical predictions. The presence of such fluctuations could possibly impact the growth of materials in microgravity.

Date: 2011
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1290

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