Promotion of water-mediated carbon removal by nanostructured barium oxide/nickel interfaces in solid oxide fuel cells

Lei Yang, YongMan Choi, Wentao Qin, Haiyan Chen, Kevin Blinn, Mingfei Liu, Ping Liu, Jianming Bai, Trevor A. Tyson and Meilin Liu ()
Additional contact information
Lei Yang: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Innovative Fuel Cell and Battery Technologies, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA.
YongMan Choi: Brookhaven National Laboratory
Wentao Qin: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Innovative Fuel Cell and Battery Technologies, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA.
Haiyan Chen: New Jersey Institute of Technology
Kevin Blinn: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Innovative Fuel Cell and Battery Technologies, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA.
Mingfei Liu: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Innovative Fuel Cell and Battery Technologies, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA.
Ping Liu: Brookhaven National Laboratory
Jianming Bai: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Trevor A. Tyson: New Jersey Institute of Technology
Meilin Liu: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Innovative Fuel Cell and Battery Technologies, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA.

Nature Communications, 2011, vol. 2, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract The existing Ni-yttria-stabilized zirconia anodes in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) perform poorly in carbon-containing fuels because of coking and deactivation at desired operating temperatures. Here we report a new anode with nanostructured barium oxide/nickel (BaO/Ni) interfaces for low-cost SOFCs, demonstrating high power density and stability in C3H8, CO and gasified carbon fuels at 750°C. Synchrotron-based X-ray analyses and microscopy reveal that nanosized BaO islands grow on the Ni surface, creating numerous nanostructured BaO/Ni interfaces that readily adsorb water and facilitate water-mediated carbon removal reactions. Density functional theory calculations predict that the dissociated OH from H2O on BaO reacts with C on Ni near the BaO/Ni interface to produce CO and H species, which are then electrochemically oxidized at the triple-phase boundaries of the anode. This anode offers potential for ushering in a new generation of SOFCs for efficient, low-emission conversion of readily available fuels to electricity.

Date: 2011
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1359

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