Host factors dictate control of viral replication in two HIV-1 controller/chronic progressor transmission pairs

Robert W. Buckheit, Tracy G. Allen, Angela Alme, Maria Salgado, Karen A. O'Connell, Sarah Huculak, Oluwaseun Falade-Nwulia, Thomas M. Williams, Joel E. Gallant, Robert F. Siliciano and Joel N. Blankson ()
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Robert W. Buckheit: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Tracy G. Allen: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Angela Alme: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Maria Salgado: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Karen A. O'Connell: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Sarah Huculak: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Oluwaseun Falade-Nwulia: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Thomas M. Williams: School of Medicine and Tricore Reference Laboratories, University of New Mexico
Joel E. Gallant: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Robert F. Siliciano: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Joel N. Blankson: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Nature Communications, 2012, vol. 3, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Viremic controllers and elite controllers/suppressors maintain control over HIV-1 replication. Some studies have suggested that control is a result of infection with a defective viral strain, while others suggested host immune factors have a key role. Here we document two HIV-1 transmission pairs: one consisting of a patient with progressive disease and an individual who became an elite suppressor, and the second consisting of a patient with progressive disease and a viremic controller. In contrast to another elite suppressor transmission pair, virus isolated from all patients was fully competent. These data suggest that some viremic controllers and elite suppressors are infected with HIV-1 isolates that replicate vigorously in vitro and are able to cause progressive disease in vivo. These data suggest that host factors have a dominant role in the control of HIV-1 infection, thus it may be possible to control fully pathogenic HIV-1 isolates with therapeutic vaccination.

Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1697

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