The Eutherian Armcx genes regulate mitochondrial trafficking in neurons and interact with Miro and Trak2

Guillermo López-Doménech, Román Serrat, Serena Mirra, Salvatore D'Aniello, Ildiko Somorjai, Alba Abad, Nathalia Vitureira, Elena García-Arumí, María Teresa Alonso, Macarena Rodriguez-Prados, Ferran Burgaya, Antoni L. Andreu, Javier García-Sancho, Ramón Trullas, Jordi Garcia-Fernàndez and Eduardo Soriano ()
Additional contact information
Guillermo López-Doménech: Developmental Neurobiology and Regeneration Lab, IRB Barcelona;Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII), University of Barcelona
Román Serrat: Developmental Neurobiology and Regeneration Lab, IRB Barcelona;Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII), University of Barcelona
Serena Mirra: Developmental Neurobiology and Regeneration Lab, IRB Barcelona;Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII), University of Barcelona
Salvatore D'Aniello: Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona
Ildiko Somorjai: Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona
Alba Abad: Institut d′Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, CSIC, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII)
Nathalia Vitureira: Developmental Neurobiology and Regeneration Lab, IRB Barcelona;Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII), University of Barcelona
Elena García-Arumí: Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Barcelona 08035, Spain.
María Teresa Alonso: Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid & CISC
Macarena Rodriguez-Prados: Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid & CISC
Ferran Burgaya: Developmental Neurobiology and Regeneration Lab, IRB Barcelona;Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII), University of Barcelona
Antoni L. Andreu: Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Barcelona 08035, Spain.
Javier García-Sancho: Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid & CISC
Ramón Trullas: Institut d′Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, CSIC, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII)
Jordi Garcia-Fernàndez: Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona
Eduardo Soriano: Developmental Neurobiology and Regeneration Lab, IRB Barcelona;Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII), University of Barcelona

Nature Communications, 2012, vol. 3, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Brain function requires neuronal activity-dependent energy consumption. Neuronal energy supply is controlled by molecular mechanisms that regulate mitochondrial dynamics, including Kinesin motors and Mitofusins, Miro1-2 and Trak2 proteins. Here we show a new protein family that localizes to the mitochondria and controls mitochondrial dynamics. This family of proteins is encoded by an array of armadillo (Arm) repeat-containing genes located on the X chromosome. The Armcx cluster is unique to Eutherian mammals and evolved from a single ancestor gene (Armc10). We show that these genes are highly expressed in the developing and adult nervous system. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Armcx3 expression levels regulate mitochondrial dynamics and trafficking in neurons, and that Alex3 interacts with the Kinesin/Miro/Trak2 complex in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Our data provide evidence of a new Eutherian-specific family of mitochondrial proteins that controls mitochondrial dynamics and indicate that this key process is differentially regulated in the brain of higher vertebrates.

Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1829

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