Genome sequence of the model medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum

Shilin Chen (), Jiang Xu, Chang Liu, Yingjie Zhu, David R. Nelson, Shiguo Zhou, Chunfang Li, Lizhi Wang, Xu Guo, Yongzhen Sun, Hongmei Luo, Ying Li, Jingyuan Song, Bernard Henrissat, Anthony Levasseur, Jun Qian, Jianqin Li, Xiang Luo, Linchun Shi, Liu He, Li Xiang, Xiaolan Xu, Yunyun Niu, Qiushi Li, Mira V. Han, Haixia Yan, Jin Zhang, Haimei Chen, Aiping Lv, Zhen Wang, Mingzhu Liu, David C. Schwartz and Chao Sun ()
Additional contact information
Shilin Chen: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Jiang Xu: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Chang Liu: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Yingjie Zhu: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
David R. Nelson: Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center
Shiguo Zhou: Laboratory for Molecular and Computational Genomics, Laboratory of Genetics, UW Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison
Chunfang Li: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Lizhi Wang: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Xu Guo: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Yongzhen Sun: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Hongmei Luo: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Ying Li: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Jingyuan Song: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Bernard Henrissat: Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7257
Anthony Levasseur: INRA, UMR1163 de Biotechnologie des Champignons Filamenteux, Aix-Marseille Université, ESIL
Jun Qian: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Jianqin Li: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Xiang Luo: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Linchun Shi: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Liu He: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Li Xiang: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Xiaolan Xu: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Yunyun Niu: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Qiushi Li: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Mira V. Han: National Evolutionary Synthesis Center
Haixia Yan: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Jin Zhang: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Haimei Chen: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Aiping Lv: China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
Zhen Wang: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Mingzhu Liu: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
David C. Schwartz: Laboratory for Molecular and Computational Genomics, Laboratory of Genetics, UW Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison
Chao Sun: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Nature Communications, 2012, vol. 3, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Ganoderma lucidum is a widely used medicinal macrofungus in traditional Chinese medicine that creates a diverse set of bioactive compounds. Here we report its 43.3-Mb genome, encoding 16,113 predicted genes, obtained using next-generation sequencing and optical mapping approaches. The sequence analysis reveals an impressive array of genes encoding cytochrome P450s (CYPs), transporters and regulatory proteins that cooperate in secondary metabolism. The genome also encodes one of the richest sets of wood degradation enzymes among all of the sequenced basidiomycetes. In all, 24 physical CYP gene clusters are identified. Moreover, 78 CYP genes are coexpressed with lanosterol synthase, and 16 of these show high similarity to fungal CYPs that specifically hydroxylate testosterone, suggesting their possible roles in triterpenoid biosynthesis. The elucidation of the G. lucidum genome makes this organism a potential model system for the study of secondary metabolic pathways and their regulation in medicinal fungi.

Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1923

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